11 Eyl\u00fcl \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc Roma\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 ile tan\u0131t\u0131lan\u00a0rapor\u00a0g\u0131da israf\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresel etkilerinin incelenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir ilk olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yor. Tarladan son kullan\u0131c\u0131ya, t\u00fcm g\u0131da tedarik zincirinin kapsayan rapor \u00e7evresel etkileri incelemenin yan\u0131nda, bu israf\u0131n hangi kaynaklarda ve hangi \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131nda olu\u015ftu\u011funun da belirlenmesini hedefliyor.<\/p>\n
2050 y\u0131l\u0131nda beklenen 9 milyar insan\u0131 besleyebilmesi i\u00e7in mevcut g\u0131da \u00fcretimini %60 oran\u0131nda artt\u0131rmas\u0131 gereken d\u00fcnyada her gece\u00a0870 milyon insan yata\u011fa a\u00e7 giriyor. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n israf edilen g\u0131da miktar\u0131 korkun\u00e7 boyutlarda. G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn verilerine g\u00f6re her sene\u00a01.3 milyar ton g\u0131da\u00a0\u00fcretimden t\u00fcketime kadar olan zincir i\u00e7erisinde bir \u015fekilde israf oluyor. Bu israf\u0131n\u00a0%54\u2019\u00fc tarladan i\u015fleme tesislerine kadarki s\u00fcre\u00e7te, k\u00f6t\u00fc hasat y\u00f6ntemleri ya da depolama sorunlar\u0131 nedeniyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken,\u00a0%46\u2019l\u0131k k\u0131s\u0131m g\u0131da i\u015fleme tesislerinde, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin sat\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131na ya da t\u00fcketiciye ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve son olarak t\u00fcketicilerin elinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde israf\u0131n daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 t\u00fcketici taraf\u0131nda ya\u015fanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecindeki kay\u0131plar daha b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynuyor.<\/p>\n
Kay\u0131plar\u0131n ekonomiye getirdi\u011fi fatura hayli y\u00fckl\u00fc. G\u0131dayla birlikte israf edilen ekonomik de\u011fer tam 750 milyar dolar, yani \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019nin GSMH\u2019s\u0131na e\u015fit.<\/p>\n
Raporun \u00e7evresel etkiler konusundaki bulgular\u0131 tar\u0131m ve g\u0131dan\u0131n neden \u00e7evre m\u00fccadelesinin en \u00f6nemli alanlar\u0131ndan birisi olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. \u0130sraf edilen 1.3 milyar ton,ekili tar\u0131m arazilerinin %28\u2019inde\u00a0yap\u0131lan tar\u0131m faaliyetlerinin bo\u015fa gitmesi anlam\u0131na geliyor. Tar\u0131m arazisi olarak kullanma bahanesinin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda ormanlar\u0131 nas\u0131l katletti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse bu israf\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7menin biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131na ve ekolojiye getirece\u011fi faydalar\u0131 tahmin etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n
Su kullan\u0131m\u0131 konusunda da israf edilen g\u0131dalar \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 rakamlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Y\u0131l boyu israf edilen g\u0131dalar\u0131 yeti\u015ftirmek, i\u015flemek ve ula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in harcanan su Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n en uzun nehri olan Volga\u2019n\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k su ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na e\u015fit, yani 250 km3. Bu kadar\u00a0su t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n mesken su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak boyutta.<\/p>\n
\u0130sraf\u0131n bir di\u011fer boyutu da iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi ile ilgili. Kullan\u0131lamayan g\u0131dalar\u0131n \u00fcretimi, i\u015flenmesi, ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan enerji nedeniyle a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan sera gazlar\u0131, israf edilen g\u0131dalar\u0131n \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesi nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sera gazlar\u0131yla birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde y\u0131ll\u0131k3.3 milyar ton CO2\u00a0e\u015fde\u011feri sera gaz\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0g\u0131da israf\u0131 nedeniyle atmosfere sal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu demek oluyor ki \u201cG\u0131da \u0130sraf\u0131\u201d isimli bir \u00fclkemiz olsayd\u0131, sera gazlar\u0131 sal\u0131m\u0131 konusunda bu \u00fclkeyi ge\u00e7ebilen sadece iki dev olacakt\u0131: ABD ve \u00c7in<\/p>\n
Konu ile ilgili konu\u015fan G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc y\u00f6neticisi\u00a0Jos\u00e9 Graziano da Silva\u00a0\u201c\u00c7ift\u00e7iler, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar, g\u0131da \u00fcreticileri, s\u00fcpermarketler, yerel y\u00f6netimler, h\u00fck\u00fbmetler ve t\u00fcketiciler; hepimiz g\u0131da tedarik zincirinde israf\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyici de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapmal\u0131 ve israfa engel olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yerlerde yeniden kullan\u0131m ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yollar\u0131na ba\u015fvurmal\u0131y\u0131z\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunurken, \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00f6nerilerini \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda topluyor.<\/p>\n
1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0G\u0131da \u0130sraf\u0131n\u0131 Kayna\u011f\u0131da Engelle<\/strong>: Sadece daha iyi hasat ve depolama y\u00f6ntemleri geli\u015ftirmekle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131nmamal\u0131, arz-talep dengelerini analiz edereken daha iyi planlama yap\u0131lan bir at\u0131l\u0131m ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeli.<\/p>\n 2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tekrar Kullan\u0131ma Sok<\/strong>: Sat\u0131\u015fa uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen \u00fcr\u00fcnler ikincil pazarlarda kullan\u0131ma sokulmal\u0131 (meyve reyonunda sat\u0131lmayan meyvelerin meyve suyu yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi) veya ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak \u00e7\u00f6pe gitmekten kurtar\u0131lmal\u0131. \u0130nsan kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in hi\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde elveri\u015fli olmayan \u00fcr\u00fcnler hayvan yemi olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/p>\n 3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Kurtar ve Geri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr<\/strong>: \u00c7\u00f6pe gidecek g\u0131dalar\u0131 toplayarak kompost, biyogaz gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecek uygulamalar yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/p>\n Rapor ile beraber israf\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek y\u00f6ntemlerle ilgili uygulanmakta olan ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6rnek projelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra t\u00fcketicilere de yol g\u00f6steren bir\u00a0ara\u00e7 kiti kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0haz\u0131rlayan G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn raporunu \u00f6zetledi\u011fi videoyu da izleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kaynak: Ye\u015fil Haber \/ 12 Eyl\u00fcl 2013<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 11 Eyl\u00fcl \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc Roma\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen bir bas\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 ile tan\u0131t\u0131lan\u00a0rapor\u00a0g\u0131da israf\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresel etkilerinin incelenmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir ilk olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yor. Tarladan son kullan\u0131c\u0131ya, t\u00fcm g\u0131da tedarik zincirinin kapsayan rapor \u00e7evresel etkileri incelemenin yan\u0131nda, bu israf\u0131n hangi kaynaklarda ve hangi \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131nda olu\u015ftu\u011funun da belirlenmesini hedefliyor. 2050 y\u0131l\u0131nda beklenen 9 milyar insan\u0131 besleyebilmesi i\u00e7in mevcut […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[1,5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3576"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3576"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3576\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3584,"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3576\/revisions\/3584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3576"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3576"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altensis.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3576"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}